This must be contained in all road construction projects or edited to conform to the construction at hand. This was the difficulty in a recent project where this was missed by maybe our own officer and /or the contractor.
This document and its contents must be: signed by the contractor, discussed and even workshopped. We cant have a good project unless the standards are clear and understood.
Edited Aug 2025
CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATIONS
This set of specifications shall govern the methods and standards to be used for the proposed memorial park project at Malasiqui, Pangasinan as shown in the plan. The plan and specifications shall be considered as complementing each other, so that what is mentioned or shown in one, although not mentioned or shown in the other, shall be considered as appearing in both. In case of conflict between the two, the same should be referred to the designing Architect/Engineer for resolution.
GENERAL CONDITIONS
All parts of the development shall be done with first class workmanship and standards to the fullest dimension and meaning of the plan and specifications and to the entire satisfaction of the Architect/Engineer and the Owner.
The development shall conform to the requirements of the National Building Code PD 1096, IRR for PD 957, IRR of EO 648, as well as the local rules and regulations of the province of Malasiqui, Pangasinan.
1. CLEARING AND GRUBBING
This item shall consist of the removal and disposal of trees, stumps, brush, roots, vegetation, logs, rubbish and other perishable and objectionable matters as directed by the Engineer.
Equipment to be used:
· Bulldozer Komatsu D80A-12 or it’s equivalent size
· Payloader D75 or its equivalent size
· Dump trucks 10 wheeler with 15 m3 capacity dump box
· Road Grader
All materials taken from these operations should be disposed outside the road right of way limits or at the other locations where they will not be an obstruction/disturbance to the operation.
2. EARTHWORKS
This item shall consist of the removal and disposal of all excavated materials required for the construction of vertical and horizontal structures, drainage system and water storage system, including the works of backfilling, grading, compacting, disposing of surplus materials and cleaning up of sites.
COMMON EXCAVATIONS
This consists of excavations of suitable materials along the roadway s indicated in the plans and cross sections. The excavated materials are used in the formation of embankments, sub-grade, slopes, bedding, backfilling for culverts, etc. No excavation materials shall be wasted without the knowledge of the Project Engineer. During the progress of the excavation, materials taken from cuts which are suitable for placing in the road-bed or sub-grade or for road metalling shall be saved and utilized for such purpose.
Suitable materials removed from excavations in excess of the requirements is classified as waste and is removed and disposed of outside the road right of way limits as directed by the Project Assistant.
EXCAVATION OF UNSUITABLE MATERIALS
This consists of materials excavated which cannot be satisfactorily compacted or classified as unsuitable materials for foundations, road-bed or for other road-way purposes. Before starting the filling operations, all unsuitable materials on the proposed road-way must be removed first.
Unsuitable materials encountered in excavating the roadway should not be used for back filling, embankments, subgrade or on shoulders. It should be disposed outside the road right of way limit.
When unsuitable materials are present at or below the subgrade elevation, it should be excavated and removed to a depth as directed by the Engineer. The spaces created by its removal should be backfilled with an approved materials.
Backfilling materials shall consist of aggregate sub-base materials placed and compacted at every 20 centimeters layers.
Backfilling in areas which are not accessible by rollers should be compacted horizontally every 20 centimeters layer of the fill materials by means of a mechanical or hand tampering equipment.
All materials used for backfilling shall be of approved quality, free from lumps, wood and other objectionable materials. No backfill should be placed against any structure without the approval of the Chief Supervising Engineer or not until after masonry has been in the place for 14 day.
After the backfilling, all surplus materials should be disposed of in such a manner as not to obstruct the stream or canal or otherwise impair the efficiency or appearance of the structure or other parts of the road.
Equipment to be used:
· Bulldozer D80A-12 or its equivalent size
· Road Grader LG-2H or its equivalent size
· Pay Loader D75 or its equivalent size
· Dumptruck 10 wheeler with 15 m3 capacity
· Road Roller 15 tonner
· Backhoe Komatsu PC 200 or its equivalent size
3. ROADWORKS
A. SUB-GRADE PREPARATION
This item shall consist of excavating and grading the roadway, excavating unsuitable sub-grade materials, and or road metalling found in the roadways and ordered reserved for later placement in the improvement; excavating for removal of slide materials; and removing and utilizing or disposing of all excavated materials, all in accordance with this specifications and in conformity with the plans or as staked by the Engineer.
Equipment to be used:
· Road Grader
· Pay Loader
· Dump truck
B. SUB-BASE PREPARATION
This item shall consist of special approved rock or gravel backfill
materials furnished and placed as required to replace materials encountered and found unsuitable below the elevation of the road bed. The foundation fill shall be placed and spread in uniform layers not to exceed 20 cm, thoroughly compacted until the desired elevation is attained.
Materials – Sub-base materials shall consist of suitably graded gravel or crushed rock of any geological origin and any additional filler for blending as required by the Engineer.
Equipment:
· Road Grader
· Road Roller
C. BASE PREPARATION
Be sure there are no ponding of water or drainage path that will erode the base or underside of the pavement. Ensure proper compaction and correct materials that will drain properly when it rains
If the area was previously a rice field or known to be soft, excavate the soft materials by at least one foot from good materials
This item shall consists of materials obtained from sources suggested on
the plans or in the special provisions of authorized sources supplementary thereto and placed as indicated on the plans or as directed by the Engineer.
Materials – The Aggregates shall consist of pit run gravel, talus rocks, disintegrated granite, sand, shale cinders, or other similar material; or additional filler for blending, selected under the direction of the Engineer. The maximum size of any particle shall not be greater than 2/3 of the required thickness of the layer in which it is to be placed. Oversize materials, if present, shall be removed by screens or by hand pick. If necessary to be obtain
proper uniformity, additional filler shall be blended by mixing on the roadway. The fraction of the aggregate base materials including any additional filler passing the #200 sieve shall not be more than 2/3 of that passing the #40 sieve but not to exceed 20%.
Methods – The base materials shall be placed and compacted in layers. It should be spread in successive horizontal layers of not more than 20 cm in thickness loose volume for the full width of the cross-section and then polled. The moisture content of the materials at the time of rolling should be near the optimum moisture. Each layer should be compacted by road roller of specified weight. The degree of compaction for each layer is determined by field density test (fdt) using the CBR Method.
Equipment to be used:
· Road Roller
· Water Truck
· Road Grader
D. PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE PAVEMENT
This item shall consist of one course Portland cement concrete,
constructed on an approved base in accordance with the plans and specifications, and in conformity with the lines, grades and typical cross sections as shown in the plans.
The road bed should be tested and passed the required degree of compaction before any concreting is made. The forms must be seated firmly in contact with the base to its entire length conforming exactly on the desired line and grade. Portion of the road bed below the established grade line shall be filled with approved granular materials. The bed should be shaped and rolled, the crown and elevation is tested to ensure that the finished concrete pavement has a correct thickness and slope of the crown. Sprinkling of base should be done at least six hours before the placing of concrete so as to ensure the correct moisture content to avoid excessive lost of moisture in the concrete.
The forms to be used shall have strong sufficient bracing to resist the pressure from concrete. The forms should be straight and must be kept oiled and grease at all times to prevent warping. Side forms should be set firmly and exactly to the required alignment and grade of the pavement before placing the concrete. Middle forms shall be keyed and dowelled as per plan. See table 1.
TABLE 1. HIERARCHY OF ROADS
TYPES OF ROADS | RIGHT OF WAY | CARRIAGE WAY | CURB & GUTTER | PLANTING STRIP |
Major Roads | 18.0 meters | 12.0 meters | 0.5 meter | 2.0 meters |
|
|
| 0.5 meter | 1.0 meter |
Secondary Roads | 8.0 meters | 6.0 meters | 0.5 meter | 1.0 meter |
Minor Roads | 4.0 meters | 3.0 meters |
| 0.5 meter |
Path walks | 2.0 meters | 1.0 meters |
| 0.5 meter |
Thickness:
Major and secondary roads 150 mm
however service road to future deliveries of filling materials shall be
200 m thick
Sidewalks shall be 100 mm thick
Ready mix concrete design specifications:
Major Road - f1c= 3000 psi at 28 days
Slump = 3”-4” for daytime pouring
2”-3” for nighttime pouring
MSA = 1
Slump = 3”-4” for daytime pouring
2”- "4 for night time pouring
On site testing of slump – 3 pieces or more of beam samples or cylinder samples for every 75 m3 of concrete poured.
Rebars and re enforcement:
This is required at areas where there are changes in elevation or where there can be
weaknesses:
1. Curves,
2. Intersection
3. Water logged areas
4. Edge of manhole
Rebars shall be at least 12mm and seated on plastic of steel bench so that the rebar
shall be equidistant between top and bottom
Weakened plane joint is formed by cutting a groove on the pavement with a power concrete saw at 4.5 meter spacing. Below the groove, a crack inducer shall be placed. This is either a wooden or plastic with a triangular section whose height shall not exceed 2 inches. An expansion joint shall be installed at every 75 meter of continuous pouring. Construction joints shall be well-formed and dowelled. All joints shall be cleaned thoroughly cleaned of all concrete chips, aggregate fragments, dirt or other materials. These joints shall be hand poured with hot asphalt joint filler to the depth as indicated in the plans.
The angle of the joint shall not be more than 5 degrees to the horizontal. After concreting of not more than 3 days, a concrete cutter shall be used to trace the crack inducer. And thereafter shall e filled with sealant to prevent water penetration
Concrete pouring shall conform to the following:
1. Sign off shall be furnished the owner and be duly supervised;
2. Pouring shall be conducted during the coolest time of the day. No concrete
pouring during noontime
3. The correct slump shall be observed. Workers when unsupervised are known
to dilute the concrete with water resulting in lower slump
Proper crown of the concrete
For rapid drainage of the road, it should slope at least 2 degrees from the center.
Polyethylene plastic sheets shall be laid after the concrete has sufficiently set to prevent markings on the surface. This plastic materials shall be used for curing and shall stay on the pavement for a minimum of 2 weeks. Regular watering of the surface of the concrete shall be done to prevent hair line cracks due to rapid moisture lost resulting in concrete being prone to cracking rather than sturdy
Finishing.
The concrete shall be levelled off when about to completely dry and then scratched with scored with a sweeper made of bike spokes. Such tool must be cleaned frequently to ensure even scratch scoring
What to do when it rains.
Stop the pouring operations and cover the poured concrete with plastic or tarp.
Repair the following day. Consult data forecast when pouring
Materials to be used:
· Ready mix concrete – Sta. Lucia, P-27, Good Mix
· Asphalt sealant – any superior brands
· 2 x 6 Good Lumber – Tanguile or lawaan
· 2 x 2 Good Lumber – Tanguile or lawaan
· 16 mm Æ Deformed bars
· 16 mm Æ Round bars
· 12 mm Æ Round bars
· Assorted sizes of CWN
· Expansion joint filler
· Polyethylene plastic sheets (5 mils)
· Water
Equipment to be used:
· Vibrator
· Screed
· Floats (Wooden)
· Straight Edger (Wooden) 3m x 21/2” x 1/4"
· Water Trucks
· Concrete cutter – 14” Æ blade run by 7.5 HP Engine
E. CURB & GUTTER
This item shall consist of reinforced concrete pre-cast curb and gutter installed on an approved base in accordance to the plans and specifications and in conformance with the lines, grades, and typical cross sections as shown on the plans.
There must be dowel between sidewalk and gutter so that there will be no cracks and separation
Reinforcing steel shall be placed free from oil, paints, rust, alkalis and other harmful chemicals that will cause failure in bonding.
F. REINFORCE CONCRETE PATHWALK
This item shall consist of reinforced concrete pathwalk constructed
on an approved in accordance to the plans and specifications and in conformance with the lines, grades and typical cross section as shown on the plans. Portland cement concrete shall consist of a properly proportioned intimate mixture of Portland cement, coarse and fine aggregates and clean water.
Concrete shall be considered of satisfactory quality provided it is made of materials accepted for the job, is of approved job-site mix, and is in complete accordance with the requirements of the standard specifications.
Materials for the provisions for electricity and plumbing shall be installed before concreting.
Materials:
· Portland cement (Type I) – Portland, Island or other equivalent brands
· Sand (Pass #200 sieve)
· MSA (3/4 Æ ) rushed or rounded
· Good lumber (formworks) – Tanguile, lawaan
· 10 mm Æ Deformed Bars
· CWN assorted sizes
· Water
Equipment:
· one bagger concrete mixer powered by a 7.5 HP Engine
· Straight edge (wooden)
· Tamper
· Trailer Tank
4. ENTRANCE DEVELOPMENT / IMPROVEMENT
This item consist of the following activities:
a. Perimeter Fencing
b. Construction of Guardhouse
c. Drainage System
d. Water Distribution System/Plumbing Works
e. Electrical Works
f. Metal Works
g. Finishing Works
5. DRAINAGE SYSTEM
The design of the drainage system of the memorial park shall be take into
consideration the existing development of adjacent areas relative to their impact/effect on its drainage system. It shall conform with the natural drainage pattern of the site and shall drain into appropriate water bodies or public drainage system or natural outfalls.
This item shall consist of underground system of lined reinforced concrete
pipes of various sizes and dimensions as required on the plans furnished and installed at such places as designated on the plans, or by the Engineer in accordance with these specifications and in conformity with the lines and grades given.
Materials to be used:
· Reinforced concrete pipe of various sizes (L=1.0 m) (Rockbuilt)
· Mortar (Class A)
· Portland cement (Type I) 40 kg. bag – Fortune, Island Brand or other superior brand
· Sand (Pass #200 sieve)
· Portland cement (Type I) 40 kg. bag – Fortune, Island Brand or other superior brand
· Mesh Wire as reinforcement
· Good lumber (assorted sizes for form braces)
· 3/4" 4 x 8 Plywood – any brand of superior quality
· Tie wire - #18 G.I. Wire
Equipments to be used:
· 1 unit one bagger concrete mixer powered by 7.5 HP Engine
No comments:
Post a Comment